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Chapter 23 — Chapter 23 — Monohydroxy Alkanes or Alcohols

3 topics + Exercise· CHEMISTRY — 10
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Topic 1 · pp. 126–127 · Free

Alcohols and Naming

Source: Chemistry 10, Ch 23, pp. 126–127

📘Easy summary

Alcohols contain –OH on a saturated carbon; general formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₁OH. Naming: longest chain with –OH, number from end nearest –OH, suffix -ol: CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₃ → 4-methylpentan-2-ol. Heat of combustion increases with chain length (butanol > propanol > ethanol > methanol).

⭐Key points

  • –OH lowest number.

🔬Diagram

SeriesCH₃OH methanolC₂H₅OH ethanolC₃H₇OH propanolC₄H₉OH butanol

🌿Real-life example

Methanol is poisonous.

💡Exam tip

  • Number from OH end.

✅Quick check

1. Max heat of combustion:

2. General formula:

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