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Topic Notes · Easy summaries with diagrams
Chapter 13 — Chapter 13 — Laboratory and Practical Skills
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📘Easy summary
Learn the lab layout; behave responsibly; never work alone — work with the instructor present; check equipment; assess hazards first; no crowding; no food; never taste or directly smell — waft vapours towards the nose. Don't pour chemicals into drains; non-hazardous waste to sewer/trash; acids and bases neutralized then sewered; hazardous waste to a disposal site.
⭐Key points
- Problem chemicals: cleaning agents, disinfectants, solvents, paints, gas cylinders, mineral acids, carcinogens.
🔬Diagram
🌿Real-life example
Neutralize leftover HCl with NaOH before pouring down the sink.
💡Exam tip
- 'Waft, don't sniff' is a common answer.
✅Quick check
1. Smelling a gas safely:
2. Acid waste disposal:
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