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Chapter 5 — Chapter 5 — Work, Energy and Power

5 topics + Exercise + Numericals· PHYSICS — 9
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Topic 1 · pp. 106–108 · Free

Work

Source: Physics 9 (PCTB), Ch 5, pp. 106–108

📘Easy summary

Work is done when a force moves a body in its direction: W = Fd cos θ, θ = angle between force and displacement. Scalar; unit joule (1 J = 1 N × 1 m = 1 kg m² s⁻²). Maximum at θ = 0°, zero at θ = 90° or if no displacement (pushing a wall, man rowing upstream at rest relative to shore). Area under force-displacement graph = work.

⭐Key points

  • Lifting through h: W = mgh.

🔬Diagram

WorkForce FDisplacement dAngle θW = Fd cos θ

🌿Real-life example

20 N at 60° over 3 m: W = 20 × 3 × 0.5 = 30 J.

💡Exam tip

  • Use component along motion.

✅Quick check

1. Work zero when θ =

2. 1 J =

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