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Chapter 20 — Chapter 20 — Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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📘Easy summary
Benzene, C₆H₆, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon. Benzene derived products are well known to be pleasantly fragrant, so in the early 19th century organic compounds containing benzene rings were classified as 'aromatic' (sweet smelling), such as vanilla. Hydrocarbons containing one or more benzene rings are called arenes. Today 'aromatic' designates molecules with benzene and benzene-like rings, even those that have foul smells. Smell is not the test: camphor has a strong minty aroma yet lacks a benzene ring.
⭐Key points
- Benzene C₆H₆ = simplest arene.
- Arenes contain one or more benzene rings.
- 'Aromatic' now means benzene-like ring, not smell.
- Camphor smells but is non-aromatic.
🔬Diagram
🌿Real-life example
Vanillin, the ice cream flavour, contains a benzene ring.
💡Exam tip
- Define arene structurally, never by smell.
✅Quick check
1. Arenes are hydrocarbons containing:
2. Camphor is:
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