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Topic Notes · Easy summaries with diagrams
Chapter 9 — Chapter 9 — Diseases and Immunity
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📘Easy summary
Health (WHO): complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely absence of disease. Disease: condition affecting normal functioning of body or mind. Infectious (communicable): caused by pathogens — viruses (influenza, dengue, AIDS), bacteria (TB, typhoid), fungi (ringworm), protozoa (malaria), worms; spread by air, water, food, contact, vectors. Non-infectious: not spread — genetic (haemophilia, sickle cell), deficiency (scurvy, anaemia), degenerative/lifestyle (diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, cancer), autoimmune.
⭐Key points
- Crowding speeds spread by close contact and droplets.
🔬Diagram
🌿Real-life example
Bacteria in blood → infectious disease.
💡Exam tip
- Give examples of each type.
✅Quick check
1. Infectious:
2. Bacteria in blood:
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